Shape Optimization and Numerical Modeling of Precast Hollow Core Panels for External Walls in Multi-story Buildings

Abstract

During the past decade, precast wall panels became one of the popular precast panel elements satisfying both load-bearing and non-load bearing structural requirements. Originally, precast wall panels were intended to be used as internal partition wall panels, which are not expected to resist loading nor undergo significant deformations. This paper focuses on verifying the usability of such precast panels as external wall panels in multi-story buildings, where their load resistance is investigated under lateral wind loads and vertical deformations due to column shortening effects. In addition, using the shape optimization technique in-built into ABAQUS advanced finite element software, a better layout for the precast wall is also proposed and its performance is compared with the current standard layout under similar loading and boundary conditions. It is shown that the optimized design has a higher load-bearing capacity and does not impose any challenges in manufacturing. Using shape optimized panel sections, panel assemblies are simulated to investigate the panel assembly response under wind loads. Further, recommendations are given on the maximum number of wall panels that could be installed as a single assembly under different wind load intensities at various heights of multi-story buildings. Considering practical aspects, these recommendations are integrated with proposals on connection mechanisms between panel assemblies.