Smart Waste, Smart Cities: Applying the COLOUR SMART Framework for Sustainable Urban Transformation

A Technology-Enabled Model for Classification, Optimization, and Circularity

Abstract

Rapid urbanization and rising waste generation challenge cities to adopt innovative waste management systems. This paper introduces the COLOUR SMART framework—a holistic, technology-enabled approach centred on Classification and supported by Optimization, Localization, Ownership, Upcycling, and Reporting, guided by SMART execution. It synthesizes empirical insights with route-optimization algorithms, sensor-enabled smart bins, and standardized classification practices, demonstrated through Indian policy context and global best practices. The framework promises improved segregation, operational efficiency, environmental outcomes, and stakeholder engagement.