Waste-Infused Geopolymer Concrete: A Systematic Literature Review with Meta-Analysis

Abstract

The cement industry is the major source of producing the most abundant green-house gas, CO2. Hence, the research world is on the hunt to unravel the mystery of replacing ordinary cement with equivalent but environmentally sustainable substances. Here arises the context of Geopolymer Concrete (GPC). The very word ‘geopolymer' in GPC refers to the class of different alumino-silicate materi-als that are chemically dissimilar from traditional cement. These materials are al-kali-activated with natural minerals, such as quartz and feldspar, or various indus-trial or agricultural by-products, including construction and demolition (C&D) waste. Because of its eco-friendliness, it paves the way to the emergence of alter-native management of different types of harmful solid waste. This review article is based on the utilisation of different types of waste materials like fly ash, poly-vinyl alcohol fibre (PAF), Palm oil fuel ash (POFA), oil Palm shell (OPS), glass powder, recycled aggregates, agro-waste, C&D waste, etc., infused in GPC. These wastes are incorporated into GPC not only to reduce environmental impact but also to advance research in finding GPC with enhanced mechanical and other properties. Methodologically, PRISMA has been followed to construct this sys-tematic literature review. In this piece, articles from the last 10 years in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asian context have been reviewed.