Smart Waste Bin System: An Implementation of IoT Technology for Waste Management

Abstract

This study aims to apply Internet of Things (IoT) technology to a smart trash bin system to address waste management inefficiencies and maintain user hygiene. System development was carried out using the Waterfall method, which includes the stages of needs analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The prototype was built using an ESP32 microcontroller, two HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors to detect user presence and measure waste capacity, an MG996R servo motor as a door actuator, and integrated with the Firebase Realtime Database for remote monitoring purposes. System functionality testing was conducted using the Black Box Testing method, while user acceptance evaluation was measured using the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire. The test results showed that the automation system and integration of real-time data delivery to the database operated with a 100% success rate. Furthermore, usability testing involving 10 respondents resulted in an average SUS score of 78.5. This value classifies the system into the good acceptance range (Grade B), indicating that this smart trash bin prototype is efficient, functional, and well-accepted by users.