Comparison, Evaluation and Development of Bio-Based Screen-Printing Inks

Abstract

Screen printing is a well-established printing technique that typically uses petrochemical inks, which can be problematic both for the environment and recycling. This study investigates the development and characterization of bio-based screen-printing inks as a sustainable alternative. Various bio-based inks using materials such as starch, chitosan and cellulose were formulated, and their viscosity was analyzed using a rotational rheometer. The print quality was examined by screen printing tests on various substrates and subsequent visual and color density assessment. Rubbing fastness and light fastness were determined using a crockmeter resp. xenon light.

The results show that the print quality is only slightly dependent on the viscosity, although there is an optimum viscosity range. A higher polymer concentration in the ink led to a slightly improved resistance to rubbing, while the light fastness was exclusively influenced by the pigment used. Several bio-based formulations showed equivalent or better print quality than the petrochemical reference ink, especially in terms of edge sharpness.

These findings highlight the potential of bio-based screen-printing inks for a more environmentally friendly printing industry. The study shows that sustainable formulations with renewable raw materials are a promising alternative to conventional inks.