Study on the Basic Properties of Graphene Nano Coolant

Abstract

This study prepared graphene nano-coolants (GrNCs) by adding graphene (Gr) and gum arabic (GA) to a base coolant at different ratios. Six tests evaluated grinding performance, viscosity, thermal conductivity, sedimentation, specific heat, and heat-exchange performance. The results identified a different optimal Gr:GA ratio for each property. The 0%:1% ratio performed best in the grinding test, reducing friction and wear and improving cooling-system efficiency. The 0.075%:1% ratio had the lowest viscosity, which improved fluidity and reduced wear. The 0.05%:1% ratio provided the highest thermal conductivity, enhancing heat dissipation and reliability. The 0.025%:1% ratio produced the least sedimentation, maintained high thermal conductivity and stability, and achieved the best cooling performance with the lowest energy loss in the heat-exchange test. Accordingly, future vehicle tests should evaluate the 0.05%:1%, 0.075%:1%, and 0.025%:1% formulations for thermal conductivity, viscosity, and heat-exchange performance, respectively.