Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Jute and Coconut Fibers

Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly materials has driven interest in natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites as viable alternatives to synthetic fiber composites. This study investigates the mechanical properties of epoxy composites reinforced with jute and coconut fibers in various compositions (30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 by weight). The objective is to assess the influence of fiber composition on the tensile strength, elongation, strain, modulus of elasticity, and toughness of the composites.

Composite samples were fabricated using epoxy resin as the matrix, with jute and coconut fibers as reinforcements. A systematic experimental approach was employed, including fiber surface treatment with NaOH, composite casting, and tensile testing following ASTM standards. The results indicate that increasing the proportion of coconut fiber enhances the tensile strength and stiffness of the composites, with the 70:30 coconut-to-jute ratio exhibiting the highest tensile strength (18.82 MPa) and modulus of elasticity (3474.5 MPa). Conversely, composites with higher jute content demonstrated greater elongation and energy absorption, highlighting their ductility and impact resistance.

The findings suggest that by optimizing fiber ratios, hybrid epoxy composites can be tailored for specific applications requiring high strength, flexibility, or energy absorption. These materials hold promises for use in automotive, construction, and packaging industries as sustainable alternatives to conventional composites. Future research should explore advanced fiber treatments, fiber orientation effects, and durability assessments to further enhance the mechanical performance and industrial applicability of jute-coconut epoxy composites.