Investigation of surface settlement of ground caused by cut-and-cover tunneling in Urmia Interchange

Abstract

Earth's surface settlement is one of the most important tunnel drilling circumstances that has been studied by many international investigations to control its effects. This paper investigates the effect of cut-and-cover tunnel construction at the ground level adjacent to the non-surface interchange of the Urmia city, Iran. At the beginning of this research, the measurement of the Earth's ground settlement at some section of the non-surface interchange that is obtained from local surveys is provided. At the next step, it is compared with the analytical results of PLAXIS 3D and local data and soil parameters. The exact surface, obtained from the regional organization, was used to measure the Earth's ground settlement. According to the results obtained from the measurements, the maximum settlement is 9.95 mm. The calculated subsidence value of numerical modelling is lower than the results of local surveys, which may be due to the accuracy of soil laboratory parameters. At the end of the research, the actual soil parameters were obtained using recursive analysis. The measured session values are within the range of the results of other researchers.